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The American Revolution is one of the most important eras in American history. It was the period that fashioned the American society and influenced the making of the constitution in readiness for the conceived independence. It refers broadly to the war fought by the 13 American states against his majesties army in a bid not only to reject the influence of the English parliament over American land but also to severe all forms of allegiance to Britain.There were many factors that led to the war yet it was clear that such recourse was inevitable due to the growing American society and the difference in ideologies between the leadership in American and that in Britain. One of the main issues that led to the war and consequent declaration of independence is the British imposition of higher taxes over the American Brits as passed by British parliament. Americans felt that since they did not have any representation within that parliament, then such a move was unconstitutional.The British ne eded to raise money and therefore decided that colonies must pay more as a cost of their upkeep by the British Empire. The American leadership tried to have those decisions lifted by appealing to the king since although hey did not recognize parliament authority over them, they still felt that they owed their allegiance to the king. However, the king did not intervene but instead called them rebellious and declared war on the.Another reason is the fact that the British Empire had made legislations restricting trade thus leading British traders to benefit more form trade than their American counter parts a move that was greatly resented. This in turn slowed growth in America and led to its leadership agreeing that a drastic measure was important to redress this situation. Another factor that led to the revolution was a shift in ideologies influenced by thinkers like Locke whose ideologies in liberalism led to the growth of a republican mood and a strong distaste to values that oppres sed some while benefiting others.Furthermore, most felt that Britain was corrupt and unfair which fuelled a need to break away in order to establish a state that recognized certain rights of the people to decide the direction their country took. These and many more factors, including the Boston massacre led congress to declare America’s independence from British rule and thereby starting the American revolutionary wars. The war was won by the Americans with the help from the French armies and navy and later more help from Spain and the Netherlands (Cohen, 2004).Andrew Jackson’s popular brand of politics was a distinct break from the previous administrations. Why was it different? What was his legacy for both good and bad? Support your answer with specific examples. Andrew Jackson was the 7th president of the United States of America and the last to have been a captive of war. He has a rich history which together combined to make him one of the most important men in the American history. He was known for being a tough man both as an administrator and as an army commander.He was born third born of a family of Irish immigrants and was born in South Carolina. His birth of an immigrant family is simply another testament to the great opportunity that America is since it offers people, from all background the chance to realize their dreams; no matter how ambitious they might be. Jackson’s military carrier started when he was fourteen when he joined the army as a courier which saw him captured by the British and consequently lost his brother as a result of that imprisonment.He later went on to distinguish himself as a military commander rising to the rank of major general due to his heroic act in the Battle of New Orleans defending the country against British attack. It is clear from observing Jackson’s history that he was a very determined man and his endeavors earned him popularity among the people. In the 1824 elections he lost to Adams although he had won the popular vote but congress chose the former since the Electoral College could not decide on one man to lead the nation.This election might have called in question the prudence of an electoral system of elections that runs against the feelings and decisions of the majority and that installs a leader voted for by the minority. Such a move might be seen to be contrary to the fundamental pillars of democracy that America so holds dear and might even run contrary to the provisions of the constitution that guarantees certain rights to individuals. This is because the decisions of the majority should reflect the greater good and to have such a decisions quashed by a small group of citizens is simply not right.Traditional democrats including Jefferson differed greatly with jack son on several fronts. They opposed increased federal strength fearing that it might lead to a centralization of power by the federal government. They also opposed plans for the formation of a central bank to offer regulations to all other banks and in doing so preferred that states retain most powers over their affairs. They also opposed plans to have a large national army and navy. They also favored low tariffs probably one of the areas that Jackson concurred with an opinion greatly opposed by the federalists.Jackson found the Democratic party after he broke off from the one led by Adams after he lost the election to Adam. Unlike his former allies, he favored a strong army probably because he had a good military carrier. However, his controversial life was because of his support for slavery and the Indian removal which is a contradictory to the bills of right and the American constitution. It is curious to note that as president he would be expected to defend the constitution yet he had shown his oppositions against such fundamental issues raised by the very constitution he would be expected to uphold.Nonetheless, the splinter Democratic Party he helped to make would co me to dominate American politics for many decades to follow a trend that continues even to today (Ward, 1962). During the first half of the 19th century, America became increasingly industrialized. It is important to understand what the industrial revolution was in order to relate it to how it affected the American society in the early 19th century. The industrial revolution first started in Britain in the 18-20th century and there were great changes in the area of agriculture, transport, industry and manufacturing and in the transport sector.These changes were experienced in other parts of the world including America and they changed society completely. The initial stages of the revolution saw an end to manual and animal labor and an adoption of machines in farming and in other sectors. The pioneering industries included textile, transport and the mining and development of metal including iron. The industrial revolution in America set the country on a course to become the greatest economic power in the face of the planet with wealth and industries unmatched by none.There are many factors attributed to America’s rapid industrialization among them being presence of capital, vast resources that could be used in industries and the presence of fast and reliable transport system to aid in trade. Before the 18th century American relied on primitive agricultural methods for it’s agricultural out put. However, the revolution changed all this and great technological advancement led to better and innovative methods to farm lands and more advance machines to be used in the production of various outputs.This led to the growth of other sectors, creation of employment and an increase in the per capita income of the people fuelling growth in all sectors. There are many factors that are credited with accelerating the pace of industrialization in American during this period. Firstly, there was not adequate labor to work in the utilizations of the vast resources f ound in American pushing efforts to create machinery that would make work effective and easier. Secondly, America was endowed with many rivers that could be used to transport products and also as sites for building mills and many other industries.Other inventions that accelerated industrialization included the steam engine that made transportation faster and the cotton gin that brought huge profits to plantation owners. Another factor that helped greatly to increase trade in this period was the building of roads and canals to improve transport within the country especially to those states that were landlocked. The invention of the steam engine was used to manufacture steam boats that revolutionized travel.Furthermore, steam engines were used on trains which saw the building of a rail way line that connected various parts of the country easing movement of people and goods. The invention of thee telephone and telegraph would also prove to be a major factor contributing greatly to the development of service sectors like banks. Lastly the presence of oil in the country was a contributing factor since oil provided useful products in the homes for lighting and in industries for lubricating machines. It would later become even more useful with the invention of the combustion engine.The industrial revolution not only saw many Americans acquire land but also improved the way they farmed increasing their output greatly. This is because they stopped relying on manual labor and used machinery that helped them keep the soil fertile while reducing the cost of production. Industries provided jobs for people and led to growth of urban centers whereby companies were based and suburbs were people lived. The great technological developments continued in many sectors including arms which saw an improvement in the status of the army (Hudson, 1992).The causes of the Civil War are many and complex There are many causes of the American civil war but three reasons stand out as the maj or causes. The American civil war was fought during the period 1861-1865 and was caused by the secession of the southern Sates for the union. It pitted Jefferson Davies commanding the confederate forces against the union forces under the guidance of the president Lincoln. The first reason is the issue of slavery since many differed on the issue depending on which part of the country one came from.Most northerners were against slavery since they claimed that it went against the constitution that identified that all men are born equal and all had certain rights guaranteed them by the constitution. They therefore could not understand how people calling themselves Americans and subject to the same constitution could own other people and thereby contradict the constitution in such a blatant manner. In this regard they were agitating for an end to slavery a motion that was not well received in the south.The southern economy was dependent on agriculture and Southerners felt that they neede d slaves to work on their large plantations. The election of Abraham Lincoln as president was the last straw for the southerners since they saw it as a clear move of bad things to come since Lincoln was one of the staunch supporters of the motion to abolish slavery. Lincoln and congress however tried to avert the problem by not formulating immediately a law ending slavery but instead drafted one stopping the spread of it.Southerners felt that if the growth of slavery was stopped hen slavery would die slowly and the effect would still be the same. Furthermore, Northerners gave States powers to hold referendum whereby citizens chose whether those states should keep slaves or not. Another factor that caused the civil war is the economic differences between the South and the north and the various legislations passed by Northern legislators to benefit them in the expense of Southerners. The North depended more on industries and service industry while the South depended largely on agricul ture especially in cotton.This largely meant that need for labor in the form of slaves was increasing and this in turn polarized the two sides of the country against each other. Furthermore, most merchant ships form the south exported cotton and returned with finished products from Europe. Most of those products were similar to those made I the northern part and hence northerners felt that they should purchase from them and not import them . This led to the formulation of higher taxes on imports in order to force them to purchase them from their northern counterparts and this angered them since these products were more expensive.Another important factor that led to the civil war was the debate of whether to have a strong federal government since most in the south favored strong states with a weak federal government. They felt that they should have the power to make their own regulations and have the authority to veto federal laws that they felt were not good for their states. They a lso felt that they should have the right to secede from the union and form independent countries if their populace felt so.However, the president and the north saw this as rebellion and could therefore not grant them such a request (Catton & McPherson, 2004). These reasons led to the Confederate states launch a secession war against the north for the right to self governance. As the war progressed Lincoln freed all the slaves held by the South a move aimed at strengthening support for the union and stopping Britain from intervening in the war. The end of the war saw a great period of reconstruction that saw great involvement by federal and state governments.With the end of the war came an end to slavery and an upholding of the constitutional provision that â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. † We ho ld these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of HappinessThe issue of human freedom has been an important subject from time immemorial and hence the presence of the phrase â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal† in the American constitution. There are several factors that led American leaders among them Thomas Jefferson to include this provision in the declaration for independence since their efforts to win America’s independence from Britain was motivated by a need for governance that respects the rights of the people.There are several factors that led America to fight for its independence but most of the included a need to stop British parliament from imposing its legislative authority over the American people. Most importantly was the act by British parliament to pass a law increasing tax over the American Britons a move that many felt was a violation of their sovereign rights since many felt that America owed its allegiance to he king but was not subject to legislations by the British parliament.Furthermore American leaders during the time preceding the declaration of independence felt that all people have certain natural rights which cannot be taken from them. These rights guarantee people certain rights conferred upon them which cannot be surrendered to the state and which allows men to decide their lives. Natural rights were argued from many schools of thought with religion playing a major part in leading to believe and adoption of the same in the constitution. Furthermore, natural rights could b traced to Britain whereby they were used to challenge the divine powers of kings and therefore remove kings who ruled unjustly.Therefore, the acts of Britain to dictate various laws upon the American public and levy taxes on them were considered to be breach of such rights since natural rights prohibited a party to gain while causing pain, harm or misery to the other. In this regard, the American constitution after independence went ahead to grant American citizens certain rights that could not be surrendered to the state and clarified that any law made in contradiction to these provisions would be void. This philosophy continued to grow and influence American society in years to come and this was evidence with the thirteenth amendment that abolished slavery.The issue of slavery was always a very controversial issue all over the world with many questioning the morality of some forcing others to work for them and be subject to their control. The Amendment was preceded by the emancipation proclamation by Abraham Lincoln during the civil war and was aimed at ruining the economy of those states which were trying to leave the union. As expected, the move won the Lincoln administration support from foreign nation especially the United Kingdom and dim inishing the rebellious state’s chance of recognition.However, the proclamation only freed slaves from Southern sates and it became necessary to enact a law ending slavery in the whole country. In this regard, it became illegal for any person to force any person to involuntary servitude guaranteeing the rights of all citizens to liberty. However, the end of slavery was not the end of problems related to minor groups who were mainly blacks in the American society. They were treated as second rate citizens and they did not have most of the rights enjoyed by the white majority.Though they were no longer slaves they were forced to work under deplorable conditions for their white employers and the same time receive meager earnings as the price of their labor. They were not allowed to vote since they were considered minority citizens and most were even subjected to violence and were not given access to justice to redress these violations of the rights. The American constitution gua rantees that all men are born equal and therefore guaranteed rights that cannot be denied them and this led minority groups to fight against such breach of constitutional guarantees.The situation escalated in the 20th century when segregation became widespread with black citizens not allowed to use white citizen’s facilities. These meant that minority groups were discriminated upon in employment, were not allowed in various establishments, and had separate schools with their white counterparts. This pushed these minority groups deep into poverty, a condition that will continue to be a big factor to the living stands of black people later on in the future.However, the 1900’s were an era of great civil movements that saw the granting of voting rights to all minority groups including women. The subsequent amendment to the constitution wanted to clarify that since the constitution clearly spelt that all people have certain unalienable rights, then any discrimination based on gender or race was contrary to the provisions of the constitution. Therefore, various governments continue to ensure that laws made do not infringe on the laws of individuals with the court reviewing laws and removing those that violate citizen’s rights.On the international arena, the adoption of the bill of rights have helped lead to more rights and freedoms for people all over the world (Vorenburg, 2001). References Catton, B. & McPherson, J. (2004). The Civil War. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Cohen, S. (2004). British supporters of the American revolution, 1775-1783. Boydell press. Hudson, P. (1992). The Industrial Revolution. Oxford Publisher. Ward, J. (1962). Andrew Jackson. New York: Oxford Publishers. Vorenberg, M. (2001). Final freedom. New york: Cambridge university press.

Comparing Ancient and Classical Art Paper Essay

Through each culture, art is created even it wasn’t meant to be used for it. The Stonehenge and the Great Stupa are two of the oldest known structures in our history. The European civilization, based in the southern part of the United Kingdom, is one of the wonders of the world and the best-known prehistoric monument. The ancient Indian civilization is in India, is one of the three stupas in India. Many similarities and differences existed between these two civilizations, as even though they co-existed during a certain timeframe and in two different geographical areas. The differences in geography are both these civilizations were subjected to different kinds of exposure, which may have included contact with other civilization and cultural inheritance. The European civilization had a stronger emphasis on a central authority, while the Indians had a more decentralized structure, where powers were distributed over the cities and the states as well. The Art the Europeans created were more involved into making great monumental and gaudy structures while the Indians were more involved in creating smaller, more literary pieces of art. The Great Stupa’ at Sanchi is one of the most sophisticated and well-known monuments of all time; the marvelous icon is considered to be a cornerstone of Buddhist art, architecture, and religion. It stands tall and holds a powerful presence that is very symptomatic of its historical context. India is home to one the most symbolic and oldest stone structures known to man. This astonishing marvel built around 3rd century B.C by one of the most powerful and influential rulers of ancient India, Emperor Ashoka the Great. Asoka was the emperor of the Maurya Dynasty and ruled the Indian subcontinent from ca. 269 BCE to 232 B.C and during his reign, Ashoka converted to Buddhism and spread his Buddhist teachings through India, as well as having the great stupa erected to glorify and harbor the sacred Bu ddhist relics. This incredible  monument is majestic & unique in more ways than one. It has been said that the structure symbolizes the world mountain and â€Å"despite having the most perfect and well-preserved stupa, Buddhist art and architecture, it’s also surrounded by numerous other stupas, pillars, temples and living quarters for monks, the greater part of which had been buried.† Upon first recognition one could be lead to believe that because there are many other alluring attractions in India, it would be hard for this stupa to stand out and get its proper avowal. But this remarkable stone masterpiece has a wide range of spectacular things to offer, and tells us a very detailed story about early Buddhist life in India. Although the Great Stupa is among one of the many ancient monuments of India, few are of more interest than the tops of the stupas at Sanchi–Kanakheda. (Sayre, 2010) In the late Neolithic period, the megaliths at Stonehenge were erected. These stones were believed to be built anywhere from 3000 BC to 2000 BC and placed by the community just one hundred miles to the west of London, England. Nobody knows the initial purpose of Stonehenge; however, there are theories of what it may have meant to this culture of the Neolithic era. There have been discoveries of human remains found at Stonehenge that have been dated back to the time of its creation. This discovery advises that all of these stones put in place as a burial ground for this culture’s ancestors. The five trilithons that form a horseshoe are located in the center of a full circle of what looks like multiple, attached trilithons. This circular enclosure, much like the stone circular wall around The Great Stupa, is designed to increase the sacredness of what is inside. Another similarity of these structures is that they both serve as burial grounds. Stonehenge appears to be an organized grouping of stones; and The Great Stupa, appearing to be flawlessly symmetrical, were both created as complete perfection in the eyes of each of the respective cultures who created them (Sayre, 2010). The similarities and differences between the Stonehenge and the Great Stupa at Stanchi are interesting and more similarities than expected. The Stonehenge was built surrounding several thousand burial mounds which are very similar to the Great Stupa in a sense that the center circular brick formation was built over the relics of the Buddha. The Stonehenge and the Great Stupa were both built in a circular formation. The Stonehenge and the Great Stupa both are built with large pillars as well as differ in that sense because the  Stonehenge’s pillars have/had a rough, more natural/raw material for their standing pillars. The Stupa’s pillars had polished the pillars they had built and also covered them with narrative scenes from the life of the Buddha. The narratives scenes were for onlookers to be able to see. Although the Stupa had polished their pillars, they had also carved them to look like carved wood. Unlike the Stupa, the Stonehenge is believed to have shrunk in size over time as years passed. The Stupa expanded after a believed vandalism, which then led to the son of the emperor to expand the Stupa with stone slabs making it almost twice in size. Although the Stupa was expanded over time, numerous different times and the Stonehenge was not they were both however believed to be built in stages. The Stupa was built with stone carved to look like wood in some spots while the Stonehenge was built with wood timbers. Even though now it looks as though it’s just stone the opposite of the Stupa that looks as though it’s built with wood, as well as stone. The purpose of the Great Stupa at Sanchi is believed to be for religious purposes. For example, Emperor Asoka believed power rested within religious virtues and not military forces. The stupas also housed important relics of Buddha and the remains of Buddhist holy monks. The Great Stupa holds great cultural value because it is revered by the people because it is a place of worship and prayer. The purpose of the Stonehenge is set to be unknown, however there are a set of theories and out of the many there was one which stood out the most. Based on hundreds of human bones that were found at the site, the bones were over 1,000 years old. The human bones show a human burial cremation took place at the site. The cultural value of the Stonehenge could be it held a significant amount of information on when it was time for the people to harvest. The ancient artifacts created philosophers, great artwork, and great writing, which we find extremely useful to our daily education today. Reference Sayre, H. M. (2010). A World of Art. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education Inc. A guide to Sanchi† John Marshall. These â€Å"Greek-looking foreigners† are also described in Susan Huntington, â€Å"The art of ancient India†, p. 100 Lacy, Norris J, ed., The Arthurian Encyclopedia, New York, Peter Bedrick Books, 1986, article by Geoffrey Ashe, p. 529.

An Opinion on the Future of Gender Equality

An Opinion on the Future of Gender Equality As much as I would love for gender equality to become an accomplishment soon, I genuinely question that it will entirely come to a possibility. Although numerous of nations claim that they are not gender one-sided, many people still consider themselves as more superior than the opposite gender. Throughout most of Earth’s entire life time, women are most likely to become inferior to their male opponents. This sort of separation is exceptionally dangerous and can prompt troublesome ways of life, such as difficult lifestyles and one gender being submissive to another.The degrees and reasons for the amount of inequality differ from all across the world. In some countries honor killing, the point at which a female individual from a family is executed for the view of having conveyed shame to their family. This had turned to a monsterous situation in countries such as Pakistan and the Middle E the Middle East. In July 2009, two Saudi Arabian sisters were murdered by their sibling within the presence of their father under the rubric of defending the familys honor. Another circumstance of wrongdoing incorporated more than 30,000 women in Guatemala who have been murdered in the course of recent years because of cases involving misogynistic violence. It has been estimated that 130 million girls were genitally mutilated in Africa and Yemen. 5,000 ladies in India who endured female infanticide each year due to inadequate endowment installment money given to the spouse by the brides family. These types of activities are unlawful viciousness against women, as well as towards the entire mankind. Another major problem involving gender equality that has been occurring is sex-selective abortion. This fuels the problems of having human trafficking, statistic awkwardness, and sexual abuse.Since women are seen as useless unless they are given birth to a male offspring, they suffer the most pain. India and China, the two most populated countries on Earth both practice the preference of male child birth over females. Females are considered underestimated and weak in Chinese society, and under ONE CHILD POLICY, many families keep the male offspring more often than female offsprings. Additionally in India, male child birth is widely supported and welcomed while that of a woman is viewed as a burden. Numerous governments routinely smother common society by limiting flexibility of the press, expression, and assembly. These confinements antagonistically influenced the two men and women: nonetheless, females are subjected to a large group of extra gender-specific human rights violations. This legitimate segregation undermines womens full personhood and equivalent cooperation in the public eye and puts at an expansion chance for brutality. In the governments’ eye, women are automatically viewed as weak and often dismissed if they want to report any type of offense. This can lead to the misuse of the judicial system and can make any court cases more prohibitively expensive to settle. The women’s movement has, appropriately, invested years crusading for lawful change and tending to sex predisposition in existing laws, however the concentration needs to move to changing demeanors and the social factors that keep women from practicing their rights. The power of the law to o vercome these forces ought not be overestimated. In this day and age, women are not the only group of people who are suffering from human rights violation. The LGBTQ + community has also had its fair share at the abuse governments have given them. They are constantly being tortured for being who they are, for liking someone of the same gender, and how they are perceived in everyone else’s eyes. The LGBTQ+ have always been denied from their decision from claiming getting hitched, embracing kids, or landing typical job positions. Countries all across the world feel that having two individuals of the same sexual orientation getting married is considered satanic or unnatural. This prompts churches and the court system to deny their rights to wed or have kids since â€Å" marriage ought to be between a man and a woman† or â€Å"God made Adam and Eve, not Adam and Steve.† People in this community have also been told that they will spoil in hellfire for they way they are. In any case, how are they causing issues for p referring someone over another. We should be totally legit, as much as anybody would love to have the world to have sexual orientation fairness, it will be completely inconceivable since the world is fundamentally one-sided to one sex. The world sees itself as being more male or ‘alpha† dominant instead of being equal to all sides. In an impeccable dream, gender equality would appear like a stage a route from ending up genuine. Be that as it may, in actuality, we need to remember that regardless of the amount we say that were equivalent, despite everything were isolated by what sex you are.

Week one day one Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week one day one - Assignment Example On the other hand if employees are not satisfied they will show work deviant behaviour, cyber loafing, presenteeism and counterproductive behaviour. As there should be person-job fit for an employee to perform exceptionally. An employee would only be satisfied when there is person-organization, person-supervisor, person-ability and person-environment fit. A manager can deploy an employee at such a tasks where the employee’s mental and physical abilities matches with the job. The five factor model helps to determine the personality traits and it can be effectively used to determine the personality of employees and placement can be made where they can perform well. For example employees high on openness will perform better at creative jobs, those high on extroversion will be good at sales, those on agreeableness with perform better as a team leader and those high on conscientiousness will perform better on conventional jobs. By accessing the personality types a manager can align the job type with personality to achieve maximum results. If I am the manager I would use big five personality questionnaire to assess the personality types. It would also be the part of recruitment process to ensure that employee’s personality will be aligned to the job he/she will perform. Also for the current employees it will help to determine areas which need training, for example increasing the emotional stability with help of stress management training sessions. The results will be evaluated with the help of feedback forms; they will also be depicted through employee job satisfaction, performance and work

China's business model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

China's business model - Essay Example This number has quickly increased to now stand at about 5.8 million workers with Africa playing host to an estimated over 1 million Chinese workers (Djik, 2009). China has experienced rapid growth that has seen the country quickly grow to become the world’s second largest luxury market in the year 2009. The attainment of a 27.5% global luxury market share caused the country to effectively surpass the United States and was able to come second only to Japan. This massive growth has been seen to be quite remarkable especially in light of the country’s market consumption in in luxury products has only been in existence for a time period of approximately 20 years (Zhang and Stening, 2009). So as to be able to critically analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the business model in use in China, it is possible to individually analyze several key aspects of the model so as to gain a better understanding of the whole model in general one of these key aspects is the business model’s private economy. ... sses in the country, others classified as being part of the private economy include the various enterprises that happen to have investments from Taiwan, Macau and Hong Kong. This definition of private economies is seen to essentially leave out foreign-invested enterprises in the definition. Advantages Attributed to the China Business Model as a Result of its Private Economy Attribute The country’s private economy helped provide a ready labor market for country’s growing rural labor force. According to various government statistics, the country’s over 250 thousand enterprises that happened to be privately owned as at 1988, were able to successfully absorb over an estimated 4 million labors. This private economy was able to make better use of various resources such as available surplus expertise and labor, and funds that were not being properly utilized by the country’s state government (Chen, 1995). The Chinese business model also advocates for preference o f Chinese workers over workers of other nationalities. This is highlighted by the approach taken by the country in regards to the various contracts obtained by its companies in other countries. An illustration of this factor being that, during the recent economic crisis that severely crippled the economies of several markets around the world, China was seen to be relatively unaffected as it continued to invest in several countries ranging from the Bahamas across to various countries in Africa. In a recent deal portraying the effectiveness of the Chinese business model, one of the country’s construction companies was able to sign a deal in Bahamas that was it get contracted to build a $3 billion gambling project (Dean, 2011). China was able to capitalize on this deal by insisting on bringing in its own

Medal east Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Medal east - Assignment Example Ataturk aims included; the onerous treaty of serves in 1920s which served as a legal framework imposed by the republicans as well as sovereign power overlooked by the grand national assembly, the reformist, republicanism, nationalism, populism, statism and economic development. The principles initiated were fundamental and contained unchanging aims that were guided by republic’s interests. The principles were vested as sovereignty of Turkish statehood and involved particulars of nationalism and universalism. This was a big order for a young country. Ataturk also established constitutional amendments in Turkey that have made it accepted into the European Union. These amendments include the abolishment of death penalty and allowed broadcasting in the Kurdish. Wives, women, and feminism characters have a right to seek employment without their husbands’ permission and bringing to end the practice of high school test for girl’s virginity as well as the removal of crim es that involved anti-state comments. Secularist reforms were set out and they led to the abolishment of Caliphate laws as well as religious law courts and codes that they had implemented. Ataturk brought to existence the procedures that influenced directly the Islamic Shari’a. ... Turkey and Israel agreed to signed an agreement on tourism such that nationalist from the two countries could visit without restrictions. This increased the social bond between Turkey and Israel. The two also made military agreements whereby training arrangements were conducted by Israel. In this agreement, Turkish military men were trained in Israel. Turkey imported missiles from Israel, therefore, increasing the economic status and political standards. Turkey invited Israel for a contract to upgrade Turkish fighter jets, a contract that required six hundred and thirty two million dollars. Turkey conducted a military maneuvers with Israel and the US since Israel became a state. The economic, social, and cultural shares between Turkey and Israel as well as US helped it to sustain its people. In fact, it is the interaction between Turkish government and the US government can be seen when Turkey allowed US to use her airports to fly bombing raids on Iraq in the gulf war. These characte ristics have helped Turkish government to rebuild and project a highly commercial and economic sustainability. Question # 3 Jordan faces a number of challenges despite being a popular monarchy where the king speaks with the voice of moderation. These challenges result from lack of water where aquifers scarce or are rarely found, rainfall is below five milliliters and scarcity of oil wealth like other regions around it. These issues bring poverty into Jordan that she cannot pay for desalinization of plants, an agricultural degrading phenomenon in which farmers have to use irrigation systems particularly drip irrigation that would rather save the scarce water. Unfortunately, plans with Syria for a dam on the Yarmuk

Fingerprint scientific method Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fingerprint scientific method - Coursework Example It comprises 3 steps to compute a fingerprint. No. 1 – an approximation algorithm is used to compute a reduced-fidelity version of the target digital object. No. 2 – this reduced version is put into a normalized serial form, and No. 3 – a hash function is used to compute a unique fingerprint from the resulting serialized object. The UNFs approach is somewhat similar to that of audio & video fingerprinting. However, in contrast to audio and video fingerprints, which entail a long sequence computation, UNFs use a more concise and closely related representation, suitable for use in scholarly citations. Thai, L. & Tam, H. (2010) under ‘Standardized fingerprint model’ states, â€Å"The model includes the following steps: (1) Pre-processing fingerprint image: for each image, we recognize fingerprint area, thinned ridge lines and extract minutiae. (2) Finding and adjusting parameter sets: at first, choose a fingerprint which has largest fingerprint area as mean image.

Ship Construction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ship Construction - Essay Example Pounding stress can be reduced by reinforcing the hull plating at the bow end of the ship to prevent the plate from bending. Likewise, panting pressure can be countered through reinforcement of the framing at the ship’s end to avoid irregular movement of the hull plating. (Okumoto et. al, 2009) A ship is basically a supported beam that is subjected to waves. This leads to external stresses i.e. sagging and hogging. Hogging occurs when a substantial portion of the center of the vessel is supported by the buoyant force of a wave with the rest of the vessel unsupported. This produces a tensile stress in the deck and also other compressive forces at the bottom of the hull. Likewise, sagging happens the center of the vessel is relatively unsupported with the either ends supported by a wave. The figure below shows the boom structure cut a way of the stress distribution in the hull through the hierarchy of structure and the direction of the stresses. (Derrett & Barrass, 2006) The bending stresses are zero at one location i.e. the neutral axis. Also, the reaction forces are equal at both ends with no rotation. The bending stresses are positive in one flange and negative in the other in the middle of the span. Lastly, the shear stresses are highest in the middle of the span. (Derrett & Barrass, 2006) The main parts of a double bottom include plating, bilge plating, floors, intercostal girders, bilges, brackets, longitudinals, pillars and angle clips. The double bottom mainly extends from the tank top to the flat keel and is watertight so as to keep the ship afloat in case of accidents. The intercostal girders combine with beams to form the deck’s longitudinal framing together with the longitudinals. Brackets are used to connect any two members of the double bottom while bilge plating is a longitudinal plating that is used to connect the bottom plating with the side shell plating. Pillars constitute vertical members that are used to connect the double

Communication essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Communication - Essay Example Consequently, one becomes alert to the fact that television viewing is a real addiction with dire consequences. Winn’s title, ‘Cookies or Heroin’ was definitely an effective strategy in grabbing the audience’s attention and propelling them to the end of the article. This strategy was perhaps the main strategy used in the text - comparison of television addiction to the worst type of drug addiction in history. Thus, Winn constantly reminded her audience of the adverse effects of television viewing. Conversely, the author of the video initially presented images to demonstrate that television viewing was an important part of family gathering. It was only half way through the slides that one realized that the author was being deliberately deceptive. The video began with a bombardment of images of families of all creed and races in front of a television watching mindlessly as individuals spoke nonsense over the tube. All the images merged to one main television where the main actor presented himself as a ‘preacher’ and pronounces that television viewing had taken over reading and every other godly activity known to man. The video ends with the ‘preacher’ giving life to his message by suggesting that we turn the television off in the midst of his sentence.

Child health issue and its effect on the child and family (Autism) Essay

Child health issue and its effect on the child and family (Autism) - Essay Example The paper â€Å"Child health issue and its effect on the child and family (Autism)† discusses the importance of the relationships of an autistic child and parents. Currently, Autism affects about one in every100 children. In UK, about 100,000 children have been diagnosed with Autism, with close to half a million families directly affected by this condition. Though, the number of children having a Statement of Special Educational Needs remains to be 2.8%, the number of children whose statement point autism as a primary need has gone up by 5% since 2011. Indeed, very recent diagnosis rates have pointed out that close to four times as many boys as the girls have autism. Research has revealed that, divorce rate of parents of children diagnosed with autism is 60% higher than the average. In a UK study of families having autism it was established that one in every three were single parents. Notably, only 11% of the carers who have children diagnosed with autism work full time where about 70% have reported of the lack of appropriate care facilities which causes them to fail to work. As such, the understanding that autism is drastically on the rise being coupled with difficulties arising from the care of an autistic child has fueled the recent calls for a cure to this condition. Since autism was identified in the UK, efforts to cure it have been underway. Indeed, the search for cure has often been brought into the limelight by the media, with the frequent question being that if cancer can be cured then why not autism. More importantly, if a cure for autism is to be found, then it is through creation and maintenance of programs and policies, that acknowledge the challenges of autism, having build it on autistic individuals' abilities, and further make it possible for those in the line of the spectrum to live fully in the community and the larger world (Clements and Zarkowska, 2000). By and large, the children Act Amendments on the proposed 1989 children Act of ar e in place to provide a more shared parenting. Section I 2A points it out that the parent could be involved in a child’s life in a manner that does not risk or expose a child to harm (Department for Education and Skills, 2004). Additionally, that if there is evidence on negative involvement of apparent on the child then the initial provisions will reconsider. Indeed the purpose of the amendments is to reinforce a Childs importance on relationships with the parents even in situation of divorce where the child interests will be considered first (Mitchell, 2012). However, other critics point it out the legislation may only put a child in greater emotional torture when the right ownership is contested in a court of law (Laming, 2009). The school policy statements points it out that, children with special needs may be admitted to specialist schools and further proceed to different levels in the mainstream education or the special schools in the local authority. Notably, schools wi ll implement the policies on the behavioral support as well as bullying education sexual harassment and general safe guarding. As such, school role is inclusive of the provision of academic education as well as educate children on the social practical and communication skills (Merrell, 2007). Last but not least, proper student to staff ratio is to be maintained. Parents and the community have been encouraged to work collaboratively

The Impact of Anarchy Essay Example for Free

The Impact of Anarchy Essay Anarchy is found in all societies to some certain degree.   The sound of such may not seem to be as delightful as that of â€Å"governmental† successes in account, but digging deeper on such, shall open a whole wide range of arguments brought by anarchy in the field of history (Black, 1980). As a philosophical term, the definition of anarchy is most likely described as an opposing origin of arche which does not mean opposing the political leader.   It significantly comes to mean the principles of element, supreme power, sovereignty, dominion, command, authority then leading on to an empire, a realm, magistracy, a governmental office, at that (Weir, 1997). The exact meaning of the word which is normally being collaborated with the word â€Å"opposing† had then evolved through time that it has continuously occupied improper and confusing usage.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Men of culture always tend to have something in common.   The transformation of society had been blatantly felt during the French Revolution that the European society is remade using a new set of political models and thus having the modern-nation states start to emerge, so as with national cultures (Weir, 1997).   Supposedly, not on a plurality but totality scheme, culture was not to be divisible but such counter-movements during that era floated up in the scene.  Ã‚   For the reason of such scenario, it is precisely fit to assume that politics is intrinsically anarchic given the fact that it has the potential to separate and divide populations along ideological lines.   Moreover, democratic politics is also considered as the most divisive force of all, having the tendency to produce individuals wherein such primary culture may be compensated in allegiance to them (Lilly, Cullen, Ball, 2006). The unfortunate factors of such circumstance are the losses it takes under the cohesion of the culture.   On the other hand, the social disintegration on culture caused by wrought of politics may lead to weaving disparate individuals together again, forming an alliance of which adheres with a common thought that they have (Weir, 1997).   In a form of integration for a common sensibility the affirmation of anarchism being practiced by such considered politicians and thus perceived as a threat of social disorder is countered in the scheme of culture by all right and even culture itself is as a matter of fact no longer the universalizing force outside of history humankind suppose it to be (Rueschemeyer, 1978).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The behavior of law constituting all the massive forces of political power, by all means also convey the act of anarchism.   Considerably, the classical illustration of Donald Black with regards to such also gave a couple of relevance in displaying the classic formulation of laws. Its comprehensive explanatory theory of the law revolved around governmental social control, margin of stratification, proofs of differentiation, social distance specifications, and periphery of social life location, culture symbols, organizational management techniques and non-legal social control incidences (Black, 1980).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The variation of all fields of law had been divulged on to the role and the impact made by anarchy. He announces the major phenomena of anarchy as one which are treated as variables in the quantitative state.   Significantly noting such as to a social life without law, hence, that the earlier societies were measured in banishment, beating to ridicule and even teasing. He even cited the point of dictatorship as one which tends to surrender their usual liberties for the strength of the organization (Lilly et al., 2006). All of which he tantamount its capacity and capability to explain other kinds of social control on how it is specifies the conditions of anarchy-social life without law by implication basis.   Theories ought to lay a couple of explanations so as to know how a phenomenon had shrugged a state, or a government (Weir, 1997). In conclusion, the impacts of anarchy defy explanatory implications which orbit around culture and society and now pave a forceful supremacy in the cloud of politics in historical precessions. References:    Black, D. (1980). The Behavior of Law (2Rev Ed ed.). San Diego CA: Academic Press. Lilly, J. R., Cullen, F. T., Ball, R. A. (2006). Criminological Theory: Context and Consequences (Fourth Edition ed.). Los Angeles: Sage Publications, Inc. Rueschemeyer, D. (1978). The Behavior of Law. by Donald Black. The American Journal of Sociology, 83(4), 1040-1042. Weir, D. (1997). Anarchy Culture : The Aesthetic Politics of Modernism. Amherst: Mass. University of Massachusetts Press.

Fashion design Essay Example for Free

Fashion design Essay Human beings are always relational in nature and they therefore device ways through which their thoughts, ideas, feelings and imaginations can be expressed. Art is the greatest and easiest way for a person to express themselves. Art can be developed in a person to a point where one obtains handiness and becomes a master in the art (Jones 2007). Fashion design Fashion, a branch under fine arts, is among those categories of art that are built up more for visual purposes than for actual utilization. Fashion design mainly entails creating designs for attire and other fashion accessories that will enhance the visual effect of the same (Jones 2007). A fashion designer, while enhancing aesthetics of any piece, actually represents the expression of certain ways of life and times (Elrding 2003). Upon getting an opportunity to have a master’s degree in fashion, I would focus my study to textile adornment, graphic design and in trend designing. In order to effectively design relevant trends of clothing, I would have to incorporate a course in trend analysis. This would require me to study the social implications of trends and the mental and emotional effect of trends (Elrding 2003). The main research topic I would propose to write my final thesis on would concern the correlation between fashion design and self image. This study would be adequately done using a comprehensively prepared research design. References Elrding, L. (2003). The Art of Expression through Fashion Feng Shui. Wyoming: Grandy Publishers. Jones, J. (2007). Fashion Design: The Art of Style. Minnes

Political Leadership: Napoleon Bonaparte

Political Leadership: Napoleon Bonaparte Political Leadership: Napoleon A study in political leadership: Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon Bonaparte is one of the most contentious and polarising figures in world history. Some historians such as J David Markham and David P Jordan believe him to be the epitome of the revolutionary struggles that preceded him and indeed the natural continuation of the French Revolution. Others such as Paul Johnson and Claude Ribbe see Napoleon as an autocratic ruler who not only used and abused the French Revolution but also proceeded to rule in a totalitarian manner. These contrasting views do, to some extent, illustrate how adept Napoleon was as a political leader. In changing and unsettled conditions that called for both a strong leader and paradoxically the lessons of the Revolution of representation by plebiscite and the throwing away of the ‘Ancien Regime’, Napoleon was in effect able to straddle both divides so successfully it is still difficult to get to the bottom of his leadership. I will show how through Napoleons skill, hard work, intelligence and even luc k, he was not only able to straddle this divide but set and achieve his goals in every area of French society and government, and indeed Europe. Most people know Napoleon by the wars that bear his name in the early 19th century, the fatalities caused by these and the Empire he built. It is clear that Napoleon had aims which were military by design and goals which could only be carried out by military ends and though these are clearly an integral part of his leadership, it is important to note that his social and political tasks were as important, if not more significant, when looking at Napoleon as a political leader. It is the social and political aspects of his rule that I shall focus on. Napoleon’s swift ascent to power, in 1799, on the back of the French Revolutions successes and ultimately it’s failures, found France in a weak position both internally and in Europe. The Revolution had introduced such massive change in social and political arenas from that of the ‘Ancien Regime’, that France did not have a workable position on every aspect of life in France from the economy, education and government to the church. There were hostile nations eyeing the French land in its moment of weakness, especially Austria and Prussia, which only served to hasten the need for internal workings. Napoleon therefore had two key tasks in front of him which themselves incorporated multiple key goals – make France workable again and keep France and its territories secure from hostile states. As Markham declares, â€Å"France was looking for someone who could preserve the benefits of the Revolution while bringing credibility back to government† Napoleon was very clever in his leadership in that he did not have an overbearing ideology, differing with both the revolutionaries and the ‘Ancien Regime’ and with this he had an exceptional understanding of where he needed to position himself to not only remain strong in his own position, but to build a strong France and Empire, as Dwyer states: â€Å"Napoleon eliminated the factionalism that had torn the country apart†¦ The introduction of a unified code of law†¦ monetary and financial reforms and the Concordat with the Catholic Church†¦ Were all designed to create the social, economic and political stability necessary to consolidate and maintain power.† The results of this meant that the positions Napoleon took on the domestic issues at hand are remarkable in essence to that of Tony Blair and the ‘third way’ doctrine. As Norman Davies states, â€Å"The eventual offspring (of Napoleons legislative agenda) often consisted of strange hybrid creatures, neither ancien fish nor revolutionary fowl.† For instance the Revolution dismantled all hereditary titles and classed every citizen as the same, Napoleon however created his own hierarchical system based on merit, thus at the same time creating the much-needed stability of the time without betraying everything that the Revolution stood for. Indeed the ‘Code Napoleon’, the grand law system Napoleon created was, as Davies says, â€Å"a middle path between the Roman law of the south and the customary law of the north, between egalitarian principles of 1789 and authoritarian, propertied reaction of the Directory.† Further pointing out Napoleons success is Emsley in ‘Napoleon’: â€Å"Napoleon Brought internal stability to France after the upheaval of the revolution. He fostered reconciliation between old and new elites and restored the Catholic Church – on his own terms. The 15 years of Napoleons rule witnessed significant reorganisation within France.† It is clear then that Napoleon did succeed in his goals of creating a stable and strong France capable of governing and maintaining its position – in fact expanding it’s position – on the world stage. However it is simply not enough to state what ideology – or lack thereof – Napoleon followed in determining what kind of political leader he was. It is important to state how he worked in creating his legislative agenda and how effective this was in his political leadership throughout his rule. Napoleon is fabled for his long hours and incredible ability to not only dictate multiple memos and letters, legislation and law, at the same sitting for vast periods of time but for also using vast quantities of information accurately from the top of his head. â€Å"He (Napoleon) was extremely hard working and able†¦ When in Paris he was known regularly to work through much of the night, going to bed at 10pm, rising at 2am†¦ His days in Paris were then filled with meetings, readings and correcting documents and receiving petitions, with food being eaten while he was standing or on the move. His insatiable thirst for, ability to absorb, knowledge enabled him to discuss science with scientists, and to debate, at high level and with experts, history, geography, literature†¦ He expected regular reports†¦ and he read them.† Napoleons clear controlling nature and ambition does provide strength in his political leadership. A strength in so much as that it is this mans desire and drive which not only got him to his goals but enabled him to ensure that things were being run the way he envisioned them, the right way. This way of dealing with leadership could be down to the good fortune that Napoleon undoubtedly seemed to gain during his career both on the way up and while in power, as Markham puts it, â€Å"Some†¦ have suggested that he (Napoleon) simply had incredible luck and was always at the right place at the right time. The latter was certainly often true†¦ The trip to Egypt come(s) to mind.† But this sense of good fortune and wanting to make the most of it may not be the reason for Napoleons controlling way in power. Before he gained power his ambition and jealousy of those in power at the time is widely quoted, â€Å"I wish to undermine the Republican party, but only for my own prof it and not that of the ancient dynasty†¦ As for me†¦ I have tasted authority and I will not give it up. I have decided that if I cannot be the master I will leave France.† It would seem then that the seeds for his controlling and overbearing nature as a political leader were sewn before he even encountered power. This leads on to both his clear weakness and ultimately his failure as a political leader. Not only the insistence on controlling and influencing all aspects of the legislative agenda but then the tight grip he held those implementing the agendas in, meant that as Johnson states, â€Å"He (Napoleon) could not rule on a long-term basis. No one has ever been faster than he was at overturning existing governments, setting up new administrations, and imposing constitutions to fit them. None lasted more than a few years, some only a few months†¦ It always bore hallmarks of his impatience and his lack of tenacity in sustaining the long haul.† It would seem paradoxical that though his great task and success was bringing stability and competence in the management of French affairs at home, as the Empire grew, so did the inability in controlling it all. This is probably understandable when you look at some occasions where this controlling nature is highlighted such as, â€Å"In o ne week, shortly after becoming Viceroy of Italy, Eugene de Beauharnais received 21 letters providing advice and instructions, some of them running to several pages (from Napoleon).† It is precisely this level of detail and control that helped make France so strong and stable, which ultimately made the control of the empire so uncontrollable and unstable. The lack of heirs to manipulate and have ready to follow him in power may well have been part of this weakness in his leadership. It is hard to imagine he would have pressed so hard, so long for an empire as big as he did if he understood that he had someone he could mould into his place and watch continue his work, this too might have compounded his controlling nature. The fact that the siblings he had, after he put them into power in differing nations, his brother Joseph in Spain for instance, let him down so miserably in the majority of cases, could have contributed in this regard as well. All this leads to his political and military overstretching which would eventually lead to his downfall. Part of the legacy of Napoleon, as much as a tool for his control over both the people of France and the empire, and a continuation of his character as a political leader, was his great ability in propaganda. â€Å"Nothing lies like a Napoleonic bulletin.† Is a common understanding of the power Napoleon had in the art of getting the masses and the elite to understand and support what he wanted them to understand and support, a lot of what we would call ‘spin’ nowadays, just as much as propaganda. Markham explains the role Napoleon used propaganda in effectively: â€Å"In media-centred times†¦ we take for granted advertising and propaganda†¦ In Napoleon’s lifetime, such self-promotion was not nearly so widespread†¦ Napoleon, however, realised the value of such activities and was quick to use them to promote his rise to power. His proclamations, bulletins and letters to the government were all written with his own interests in mind†¦ His Italian and Egyptian campaigns became, in the eyes of the public, crusades of good against evil, those of an enlightened hero against the barbarians.† So not only was he a political leader of great ambition, confidence, intelligence, hard work, luck and control but also a leader who knew how to use new techniques and harness them for his and the nations own ends. Like many leaders however it was many of these same qualities that brought so much glory, which also brought the end. The overt confidence and control, pushing the hard working man to pursue too much, too soon without doubting, or allowing those around him to question enough, the merits of certain decisions. Why I mention propaganda as a part of Napoleons legacy is because Napoleon used it as such throughout his time in power, via portraits, sculptures and even after he left power through the written word in his autobiography. â€Å"Napoleon had always been conscious of how to best portray himself and his achievements†¦ Napoleon manipulated the arts and the media towards his personal glory†¦ Artists were commissioned and prizes were offered for works celebrating key moments of his career. Historical accuracy was less important than the image presented in both paintings and sculptures.† To a large extent this clever way of trying to secure a legacy has worked. When looking at Napoleon we undoubtedly think of pictures and paintings we have seen. For some people seeing Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres’ portrait of Napoleon on the imperial throne or the famous image of Napoleon crossing the Alps by Jacques Louis David, is all they have to go on, Napoleon from these image s looks very much how he wanted to be remembered, a successful, dashing, Emperor. There are other aspects of course to his legacy, one major part being that he brought Europe, especially what we now call Germany and central Europe, not only up to date in terms of the political and social institutions inside the nations, but also economically as well. On top of this before Napoleon controlled mainland Europe with his Empire, Europe was made up of many, often splintered, states. After Napoleon left power for good in 1815, the face of Europe looked completely different. The state structure, divided up by the Allies, was completely different and much of the current state system is therefore part of Napoleon’s legacy. For instance â€Å"Thomas Nipperdey began his acclaimed history of nineteenth-century Germany with the words ‘In the beginning was Napoleon.’† The other significant legacy Napoleon left was the ‘Code Napoleon’, the sets of laws, governing system and administration. As Emsley states, â€Å"The administrative system and structures that were to govern France for the nineteenth and twentieth centuries were essentially those that emerged during the Consulate.† And you can see exactly why the ‘Code Napoleon’ did survive, â€Å"The universal rights of citizenship, and of equality before the law, were confirmed. In family law, civil marriage and divorce were retained†¦ This Code has profoundly influenced the social development of at least thirty countries.† It is clear that Napoleon Bonaparte was a very astute and complex political leader and also one of great importance. Napoleons determination and ambition to succeed may well have been the reason behind both his rise and fall. â€Å"Few individuals have had more impact on history than Napoleon Bonaparte. He is the grandest possible refutation of those determinists who hold that events are governed by forces, classes, economics, and geography rather than by the power of wills of men and women†¦ Few persons of ambition have failed to see Bonaparte as an exemplar or a spur.† Though I do not agree with all the sentiments in the last quote, I agree with the latter. The sheer brilliance of the man, who, however you look at it has come from a background of mediocrity and middle class, to rule France in a way which benefited both himself, his nation and Europe as a whole, is an inspiring example certainly to me. His genius is of course exceptional, but the attention to detail, the hard working mentality and the ability to successfully negotiate a tough balancing act, is equally as inspiring. He clearly had some flaws both personally and politically but I take my inspiration not so much from every policy he passed but what attitude he held, and that is nothing but inspiring. Bibliography Davies, Norman (1997) Europe – A History. Pimlico. Dwyer, Philip G. – edited by (2001) Napoleon and Europe. Pearson Education. Dwyer, Philip G. and Forrest, Alan – edited by – (2007) Napoleon and his Empire – Europe, 1804-1814. Palgrave Macmillan. Emsley, Clive (2003) Napoleon – Conquest, Reform and Reorganisation. Pearson Education. Johnson, Paul (2002) Napoleon. Phoenix. Markham, J. David (2003) Napoleon’s Road to Glory – Triumphs, Defeats and Immortality. Brassey’s. McLynn, Frank (1997) Napoleon – A Biography. Pimlico. Lesson plan: defining aims Lesson plan: defining aims Lesson plan: Defining Aims What is a lesson plan? Before we do anything we must plan what to do, how to do, why to do and when to do. Also in the teaching, a teacher must plan what he wants to teach the students, why he wants teach and how to teach. The first thing that a teacher must do is preparing a lesson. It is called a lesson plan. What is a lesson plan? These are many definitions of lesson plan.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A lesson plan is a teachers detailed description of the course of instruction for an individual lesson or a teachers document used to plan a lesson. (en.wikipedia.org)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A writing noting the method of delivery, and the specific goals and timeline associated to the delivery of the lesson content. (longwood.com)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An organized outline for single instructional period. it is a necessary guide for the instructor in that it tells what do you do, in what order to do it, and what procedure to use in teaching the material of a lesson (www.dynamicflight.com)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A written document used in planning a presentation. (wps.prenhall.com)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A teacher-developed and teacher-written study plan that guides instruction. It contains an outline of the important, points of a lesson arranged in (natomagroup.com)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In my opinion, a lesson plan is a teachers document planning for teaching. How to do the lesson plan?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first thing a teacher must do is decide on the lesson plans focus. The teacher creates one idea or question they want the students to explore or answer. Next, the teacher creates classroom activities that correlate with the established ideas or question. This includes individual and group activities. A lesson plan must correlate with the text book the class uses. The school or the teacher usually selects the text book or provides teachers with a limited text book choice for particular unit. The teacher must take great care and select the most appropriate book for the student. A good lesson plan can reflect interests and need of students. It incorporates best practices for the education filed. The lesson plan correlate with the teachers philosophy of education. Which is that the teacher feels is the purpose of the student. Lesson plan is preferable, because it allows a teacher to create various research, writing, speaking , and reading assignment. How to consider lesson plan? To know who the students are. Know ability levels, backgrounds, interest levels, attention spans, ability to work together in groups, prior knowledge and learning experience, special need or accommodations, and learning preferences. This my not happen as quickly as you would like, but it is important for designing instruction that will meet the needs of your student. Thats key in successful teaching and learning. To know the content. It is important for you to research the subject matter that you will be teaching. You should also utilize curriculum guides published by the state in which you teach and the local school district that employs you. It is also a good idea to know the national standards and state standards that drive curriculum frameworks and that will give you a lot of information relative to your subject area. TeAch-nology.com has a large number of links that will help you to search for information relative to that subject matter you are employed to teach. one link that can help is as follows To know the materials that are available to help you teach for success. Take and keep an inventory of the materials and resources that are available to you as a teacher. for example: technology , software, audio/visuals, teacher mentors, community resource, equipment, manipulative, library resources, local guest speakers, volunteers, or any materials that can assist you in teaching Planning For Instruction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before the teacher starts teaching, the teacher must plan for instruction in order to make successfully in teaching. Content The teacher must list the important facts, key concepts, skills, or key vocabulary terms that you intend to cover. You can also prepare an outline with key learning outcomes. Remember to refer to your curriculum guides. Goals To identify the aims or that you want your students to achieve as result of the lesson you plan to teach. goals are end produce and are sometimes broad in nature. Goals relate directly to the knowledge and skill you identify. Goals determine purpose, aim, and rationale for what you your students will engage in during class time. The goals are typically written broad educational or unit goals adhering to state or national curriculum standards. Objectives To identify the objectives that you hope your students will achieve in the tasks that will engage them in the learning process. objectives are behavioral in nature and are specific to performance. Objectives tell what you will be observing in student performance and describe criteria by which you can measure performance against. In many way, objectives represent indicators of performance that tell you, the teacher, to what extent a student is progressing in any given task. Instructional objectives can start with. A given that describes a condition that enables your students to perform any given task. A given could be any activity, a specific set of direction ,materials needed to perform a task, any assignment, for anything that set up a condition for students to engage in the task being observed and measure for performance. The heart of the objective is the task that the student is expected to perform. it is probably one of the most important part of the lesson plan becaus e it is student centered and outcome based. Objectives can range form easy to hard tasks depending on student abilities Materials List the materials and recourses that will be need for the lesson to be successful, the teacher also use technology resources needs to achieve objectives. Introduction Describe or list a focusing event or attention grabber that will motivate the students to want to pay attention and learn about what the teacher plan to teach. It will depend on the ages and stage and of the students and will rely on students interests and backgrounds. The teacher must remember to get the students to attend and respond to the introduction will set the stage for the rest of lesson. Development Describe how the teacher plans to model or explain what the teacher wants the students to do. Modeling the learning behaviors the teacher expects of his students is a powerful development tool and provides demonstration that students can then imitate or practice on they town. During development, models of teaching are used to facilitate students learning. Models can include direct instruction, inquiry, information processing strategies, or cooperative learning strategies. Practice The teacher must list or describe ways in which the teacher will provide opportunities for the students to practice what the teacher wants the students to learn. The more opportunities the teacher provides, the better chance they have to master the expected outcomes. These opportunities are in classroom assignments or tasks that give the teacher, the chance to guide and monitor progress. Independent Practice The teacher should list or describe ways to provide opportunities for the students to complete assignments to measure progress against the goal of instruction. These assignments are meant to give the teacher s the chance to determine whether students have truly mastered the expected outcomes. Remember to only plan for task that the teacher believes students can accomplish without guidance. Accommodations The teacher should list or describe ways that the teacher will differentiate instruction according to students needs. This can include any curricular adaptations that are needed to meet special needs students. Checking for Understanding To list or describe ways that the teacher will check for understanding. Assessment and ongoing feedback are necessary for monitoring progress. This can include questioning, conferencing, or journal writing. Closure To list or describe ways that can wrap up a lesson. This can include telling students in the most important concepts that were covered in lesson, asking the students what they thought were the key concepts, or preparing them for the next lesson building upon what was presented. The key is to leave the students with an imprint of what the teacher hope to achieve in any given lesson. Evaluation The teacher must list or describe the ways to assess or measure the student success in achieving the outcomes that the teacher planed to reach. This can include a variety of ways to evaluate student performance. Aims Aims are general statements briefly outlining the content of the training being offer. Well written objectives are much more specific and should clarify the aims in more detail. Well written aims and objectives will help to provide a sound basis for identifying the content of a course or training program. Defining Aims Aims provide the teacher with the goal of the teaching-learning process. In other words, you know your destination when you begin instruction. They answer the question, what are the students supposed to know or be able to do once the unit or lesson is completed? Aims provide a clear framework for assessment is, after all, an effort to determine to what extent students have reached or achieved the objective. Aims provide the students direction and a goal for learning. Students have a better opportunity to stay the course when they know the goal of the learning. Ruth Hamilton wrote about the aims and sub-aims, by no means exhaustive by in http://www.philseflsupport.com/lessonplanaims.htm. Introducing and practicing new vocabulary. Revising previously taught vocabulary. Introducing a new grammatical point. Introducing new functional language. Revising or reviewing one or more grammatical points. Revising or reviewing functional exponents. Giving controlled/less-controlled/freer practice of a language point. Contrasting two (or more) grammatical points. Contrasting two (or more) functional exponents. Warmers/icebreakers getting to know your students. 11. Raising awareness/ear training and/or practicing aspects of phonology: a) pronunciation of phonemes/individual sounds b) word stress c) sentence stress d) intonation e) features of connected speech Error correction work (usually revising previously taught language) Self-access work. Learner training. Developing reading skills prediction/skimming/scanning/inferring, etc. Developing listening skills prediction/gist/for specific information/inference, etc. Examples of Aims The students can pronounce the words correctly. The students can tell the meaning of words. The students can ask and answer the direction to the bus station. The students can write the sentences about daily life. The students can read a short passage and answer the questions. My English Class Before I start my teaching English, I always prepare my lesson by planning what I will teach my students; the contents, the objectives or aims, materials or instruments, worksheets, and activities that I will use in the class. I use the varied activities in my English class such as games and songs depend on the contents in that period. The important thing that I must do is write the aims or the objectives of learning and tell the students what they are able to do after the learning. The teacher can check how the students success in the lesson by using the assignments, the test or any activities. References Mitchell, Diana, and Stephen Tchudi. (1999). Exploring and Teaching the English Language Arts. (4th Ed.) Boston, MA: Allyn Bacon. Raymond W. Donny Lee, Jr.(2004). Writing Learning Objectives for Unit and Lesson Plans. Tip of writing Objectives. http://www.okbu.edu/academics/natsc/ed. http://www.teach-nology.com en.wikipedia.org longwood.com natomagroup.com/basecamp/infodev/tpdhandbook/glossary.doc www.dynamicflight.com http://wps.prenhall.com Function : Asking and answering about time, routine, or activities. Teaching Procedure/Activities : Warm up/Lead in: The teacher lets the students play the number game. The teacher shows the clock and asks the students about the time. Then tells the students about the purpose of learning. Presentation: The teacher presents the vocabulary about the time. The teacher pronounces the words correctly and lets the students repeat. The teacher asks the questions about activities or routines and answers the questions. The teacher explains how to use the words and how to tell the time. Practice: The students practice by asking and answering the questions in pairs about the time and activities or routines. The teacher asks the students about their activities or routines. Checks the correct answers. Production: The teacher lets the students do the assignments by writing the sentences about their routines. Materials: word cards a clock pictures about activities Evaluation and measurement: Observing in the class Correcting the assignment

Misfortunes Make You Finally L :: essays research papers

Misfortunes make you finally learn. Teenagers tend to want more liberty and want to move out of their parent’s house, when they eventually do that they end up hating it because it did not met their expectations. When people are young and immature they make decisions, due to a certain lust or desire, which they latter on regret. Urging too much for something sometimes causes for you to take your distractions off the consequences, because you do not see them. These ignorant people will become understanding as they mature, and realize that some things in life our not quite as easy as they seem. â€Å"The Chaser,† by John Collier shows how some people who are urging for things such as love, are so single minded that they ignore all other consequences and concerns. The bad affects that might occur are neglected and left for the future to make them dwell on the awful decisions. Alan Austen the main character has desires and craves for affection, which he must attain. He plans to purchase a love potion from an old man to satisfy his wants of Diana’s attention. The old man warns him before handing him the potion saying, â€Å"She will be afraid of the pretty girls you may meet. She will want to know all you do. All that has happened to you during the day. Every word of it. She will want to know what you are thinking about.† This quote explains the feeling the girl will have once taken the potion. She will be greatly obsessive, wanting to know every little thing not trusting him. The boy is still ignorant all he can seem to care is about the love potion saying such things as, â€Å"But the love potion.† Alan is not at all precautions and wondering the bad affects. The old man who is much wiser and mature knows that the boy will eventually be overwhelmed with agony for his senseless action and return. The old man said â€Å"In the end.† In the end will be after all the grieves which the old man knows he will go through, because of the wife’s obsession. He will come back because of the miseries he experienced in the end. Then he will purchase the glove cleaner, which would be described as, â€Å"Imperceptible to any known autopsy.† He will separate himself from her by killing her to ease the pain.

Malaysia Country Report Essay -- essays research papers fc

As the world prepares to move into the twenty-first century, many nations are rapidly developing their agricultural and manufacturing sectors. As these burgeoning industries become a larger part of the nation’s economy, the nation finds its population restructuring and streaming to the areas of growth. Just as the people are trying to compete for their survival, the nation is fighting its way to center stage in the world economy. The development of these countries is tied to the world’s economy, as is evidenced by the uneven development within each of the nations. Malaysia’s growing role in the world economy is likewise intertwined with the development of its industrial regions. Malaysia’s economy is centered on the production of rubber, timber, tin, and petroleum. Almost all of the country’s production of rubber and palm oil is raised solely for export. Historically, rubber was the dominant export, but now it is palm oil in terms of square miles used to cultivate it. Rubber, like â€Å"no other major commodity in the world,† was subject to â€Å"dramatic and rapid shifts in sources and derivation of demand† (McHale, 9). Thus, Malaysia has been moving away from its complete dependency on rubber for its income, and begun to diversify its economy. The peninsula’s forests produce approximately 1,100,000 tons of timber each year, and about two thirds of that is exported. Up to 1965, Malaysia was producing 40% of the world’s tin supply. However, with its quickly diversifying economy, Malaysia no longer depends on tin as a substantial part of its income. Small amounts of other useful minerals can be found all over Malaysia , as it is a naturally abundant land. Its major exports are electronic equipment, machinery, petroleum, palm oil, rubber, timber, and tin. The biggest trading partners are Japan, the United States, and Singapore. Other trading partners include the United Kingdom and Russia. About two thirds of the land on the peninsula is devoted to the cultivation of rubber, and Malaysia produces more than a third of the world’s rubber. Tin is the second largest export, and has been mined on the peninsula since the 17th century. Since Malaysia’s exports are mostly raw materials, and raw materials are susceptible to wildly fluctuating market prices, Malaysia’s economy is easily affected by market swings. For example, just a one cent fall in the price of rubber would decre... ...Cal Clark, eds. The Evolving Pacific Basin in the Global Political Economy. United States: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc., 1992. Cheok, Cheong Kee and Lin Lean Lim. Demographic Impact on Socio-Economic Development The Malaysia Experience. Canberra, Australia: The Australian National University, 1982. Drabble, J.H. Rubber in Malaya 1876-1922. Malaysia: Oxford University Press, 1973. Jomo, K.S. Growth and structural Change in the Malaysian Economy. London: The MacMillan Press Ltd., 1990. Lim, David, ed. Further Readings on Malaysian Economic Development. Malaysia: Oxford University Press, 1983. Lim, Lin Lean. Population and Development: Theory and Empirical Evidence. Malaysia: International Book Service, 1983. â€Å"Malaysia.† Encyclopedia Britannica: Macropaedia. 1973. McHale, T.R. Rubber and the Malaysian Economy. Singapore: M.P.H. Publications, 1966. Peng, Khor Kok. Recession and the Malaysian Economy. Malaysia: Institut Masyarakat, 1983. Schatzl, Ludwig H., ed. Growth and Spatial Equity in West Malaysia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1988. Yee, Lo Sum. The Development Performance of West Malaysia 1955-1967. Malaysia: Heinemann Educational Books, 1972.

Work Trends - Contractors, Temporary Workers, Annualised Hours :: Business Management Studies

Work Trends - Contractors, Temporary Workers, Annualised Hours Changing working environments Trends  · Use of contractors  · More temporary workers  · Annualised hours  · More part-time working  · Self-employment  · Hiring consultants Employers Advantages Disadvantages 1. Less cost less employment costs helping the business compete 2. Hiring consultants bring experts into the business 3. business can cope with sudden and unexpected changes in sale 4. Less hiring costs 5. Les costs. Flexible workforce can reduce employment costs, helping a business to compete more effectively with other businesses 6. Using a consultants and self-employed people bring expertise into the business 7. The use of consultants and self-employed people means that businesses do not have to pay to them 1. Difficult to communicate with P/T and temporary workers-don’t know them 2. More labour turn over 3. Poor reputation as employers Good effects o employees  · Some employees, such as these with responsibilities for looking after young children, want only part-time or temporary work. They would be happy to be part of a flexible workforce  · Working as part of a team can be a good experience. Employees may enjoy working with other people and learning from more experienced workers. Research says that working in tem can raise morale  · Some employees may prefer to be employed as teleworkers, working from home. Teleworkers do not have the cost and the bother of travelling to work everyday. They can live where they wish and need not to be close to the business that employs them Bad effects on employees  · Some workers may be very dissatisfied with temporary contracts. They might want the security of a permanent job and not feel committed to the business. They may feel unsettled and want to look for other work

Interface Culture: New Technology Transforms the Way

Steven Berlin Johnson is known for his reputation of being able to scale what the future holds through a differential paradigm that he sets basing from the present society. His ability to do so has made most of his books a must read especially for those who are enthusiasts of change. Through the researches that he does, he has made it certain that the changes in the world that affects the human society are clearly explained and outlined as to how they positively or negatively affect the human development.Through this, social and technological developments have been widely used as a topic for his books. Steven Berlin Johnson at present continues to startle the world of book-publication with his style of research and writing. He lives with his wife and two sons while he continues to write other books and do several columns for the internet at www.stevenberlinjohnson.com and he is the present editor of the Wired Magazine. He also continues to share his ideas to the young generation by b eing a resident writer in the Journal paper of the New York University Department of Journalism.Among his other works include â€Å"The Ghost Map: The Story of London’s Epidemic and Hoe it changed Science, Cities and the Modern World†. This book has also been   one of the best selling published work of Johnson after he launched the â€Å"Interface Culture†.I.About the BookInterface Culture showed that one of the greatest advancements that the human society ever jumped into for the past ten decades was the development of the cyberspace or the Internet. Before the said advancement, it could be observed that seas and mountains have separated the world, and that people were living in two different sides of the world and that communication from both sides was not that easy to incur.However, with the introduction of the cyber world, everything changes. It just happens that with just one click of a button, an individual could already be wired through to the world. Th is is the idea that Johnson point out in his written work. This book has been mainly devoted to help the society see the actual effects that the internet caused the cultures and the personal and behavioral development of people at present.Certainly, it is through this book that Johnson himself tried to outline the future possibilities that could be brought about by technology in changing the actual view of the society as a whole to the reality of culture mixing and global peace as well. It could be noted that through this written work, he naturally gave life to the widely used system of communication. He clearly points out that a world without computers is quite unimaginable for the generation that has just been born today. To them, it would the past years without the existence of computers may have been quite boring an uncivilized. Yes, cyber world has completely changed the views of the society from what is necessary and what is simply a luxury in life.II.Summary of the BookInterf ace Culture focuses of technological advancements of communication, particularly the internet, and how it affects the society at present. The said book by Johnson has been mainly a rhetorical writing that helps the readers understand the reality of â€Å"Interface† and the great impact that it has upon the lives of those who are directly linked to the said technological development.The interface avant-garde has quite been the core idea of the discussion that Johnson has presented in this book. The use of GUI’s (Graphical User Interface) have made it possible for certain individuals, even those who are not specifically involved in the usage of the Internet has caused much individual advancements among people in the society. It is mainly pointed out in this book that the changes that the introduction of the cyber world has radically performed social connection among races around the globe.Among the said advancements, Johnson focused on the social impact of the said Inter face. Cultures from around the world are already wired together and are thus able to learn about each other with just a click of the button. It could not be denied that it is through the Internet that people are educated about what happens on the other side of their own share of the globe.Yes, the world became smaller and the nations became close neighbors. The Internet even surpassed what televisions could provide through actual-time-video-streaming. What happens within other countries could easily be observed by other through the connection that they have. With the Interface culture, anything is possible. Working, studying, researching and other things could already be done anywhere using a computer and the connection that the Internet provides.With the existence of the cyber world, anything becomes possible and everything becomes easy within reach by anybody who is wired to the Interface Culture.III.The Main Theme and IdeaThe Internet is the doorway to interface culture (Johnson, 5). This is the most significant claim that Johnson particularly send to the readers through his book. It is through the wired culture that the society is connected to one another giving them the chance to understand people form all over the world and thus gain a wider perspective of why things happen.It also opens up the mind of the people to the possibility of gaining peace through the wired connection that they have. Although discrimination and things a like has not been removed, it could be observed that cross-cultural relationships has been constantly developing ever since the Internet has been introduced.However, along with the great provisions that the Internet provides the society, it could be noted that there too are those disadvantages that it brings the world. As it could be noted, it is not only the positive things that are presented through the Internet, there also exists several fraud and chaotic reports that are presented through cyberspace. However, it is upon the u sers’ discretion on which kind of reported occurrences he should believe and thus be affected by such. It still remains true that the actual development in the society still lies within the people’s decisions and not through the technological breakthroughs that the Internet makes accessible to the society.IV. The Book’s Relation to RealityWithout any doubt, the book of Johnson clearly gives an actual view of the present society as to how it is directly affected by the development of technology. Certainly, because of the fact that everything in the present society of man is affected by technology and the existence of Internet, it is thus helpful that the realities behind the existence of the said invention is directly presented to readers.As for the author of this paper, the important impact that it brings is simply the fact that the book covers much of the present situation of mankind as directly related to the cyberspace involvement. The said development has be en causing several changes that impacts people’s lives as common individuals. The strong effect that computers along with internet-based communication provide has mainly re-shifted the views of the entire society from traditional to a completely modern perspective of life and living as well.V. Evaluation and CritiqueAs an overall reaction upon the work done by Johnson in his book, it could be observed that his researches proved to be much helpful in helping the readers realize the impact of Interface Culture in their lives.Some may have used the Internet for several years now and yet not realize the fact that they are already a member of an existing society that are wired through the cyberspace. The international connection that the current communication technology provides has been clearly one of the focuses of the book, which helps the readers understand the clear effect of technology in their lives.Johnson has clearly defined what Interface Culture is and has mainly identi fied the need of everyone to both understand and be cautious to what the Internet, or cyber connection gives them access to. Basically, his enthusiasm and his knowledge on the background of the topic that the book discusses has made the book a must-read and a source of informative passages that would be greatly helpful for one to understand the importance of the emergence of technology and its interconnection with communication developments.VI. ConclusionThe present society is living in a â€Å"wired-community† of the cyber world. With a closer look on the idealisms that Johnson portrays in his book, people would realize that indeed, the Internet and computer-technology have been able to take over the most important developments in the human society.The economy, the individual development through education and thing alike has been made available to everyone through the Internet. This is the reason why interface culture has been regarded as the modern way of living. Yes, there are still a lot more to expect in the future, and there is nothing the society could do, but to be prepared on the changes that may happen in the future.BIBLIOGRAPHYSteven Johnson. (October 6, 1999). Interface Culture : How New Technology Transforms the Way We Create and Communicate. Perseus Books Group; Rep Sub edition. ISBN-10: 0465036805.W.Colston Leigh Inc. (2007). Steven Berlin Johnson Biography. http://leighbureau.com/speaker.asp?id=327. (April 3, 2007).